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Yusaku
Fujii, Ph.D |
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Professor, Gunma
University (Japan) President, (NPO)
The e-JIKEI Network Promotion Institute (Japan) |
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Verifiable Record of AI Output (VRAIO) for
Governing Trustworthy AI Outputs |
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As
AI-connected sensors proliferate across public infrastructure, autonomous
systems, and personal devices, the question of how society should govern the outputs generated by AI has become an urgent challenge.
This talk introduces a framework for applying VRAIO (Verifiable Record of AI
Output) to the output governance of AI systems. VRAIO is a three-layer
governance architecture that mandates structured metadata declarations for
all output candidates, and builds upon those
declarations through tamper-evident metadata logging, statistical spot-check
auditing, and asymmetric penalties — originally proposed with AI-connected
cameras monitoring public space as the target application [Proposal of VRAIO]. The VRAIO infrastructure
is designed to incorporate existing regulations, including GDPR, the EU AI
Act, and the DSA, and to serve as a comprehensive platform integrating input
regulation, internal process regulation, and output regulation. Its social implementation
is envisioned to proceed incrementally, beginning with domain-specific tuning
in individual fields. This talk presents two
domains as concrete application cases of the VRAIO infrastructure. In the
domain of autonomous driving, VRAIO provides a privacy governance framework
for autonomous driving systems that collect and analyze information from
inside and outside the vehicle and transmit it to a central AI management
system, thereby opening a pathway toward broader societal acceptance [Application of VRAIO to Autonomous Driving].
In the domain of smartphone-based sensing networks, VRAIO serves as the foundation
for a privacy-preserving framework enabling continuous detection and
reporting of emergency situations, demonstrating that decentralized,
citizen-driven sensing can combine verifiability with democratic
accountability [Application of VRAIO to
Smartphone-Based Sensing Network]. Beyond these applications,
this talk raises a longer-horizon concern: the threat that the emergence of
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) poses to democratic society. When AGI
renders human labor economically worthless, establishing a conception of human
dignity no longer grounded in labor becomes an urgent imperative for the
preservation of democracy. It is argued that a crucial insight into this
challenge may be found in the Roman Empire's practice of "bread and
circuses" [Protection of democracy from AGI
problem]. With this profound transformation of social values on
the horizon, building trustworthy AI governance for current, sub-AGI systems
is not a symptomatic fix. It is an indispensable
preparatory work that will determine whether human society retains the
institutional capacity and normative infrastructure to govern AGI when it
arrives. The VRAIO infrastructure is proposed not as a final solution, but as
a scalable, verifiable, and democratically grounded starting point for that
preparation. References [Proposal of VRAIO] Y.
Fujii, “Verifiable record of AI output for privacy protection: public space watched
by AI-connected cameras as a target example”, AI & Society,
Vol.40, pp. 3697–3706, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-024-02122-8 [Application of VRAIO to Autonomous Driving] Y.
Fujii, “Governing AI Output in Autonomous Driving: Scalable Privacy
Infrastructure for Societal Acceptance ", Future Transportation,
Vol.5, No.3, 116, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp5030116 [Application of VRAIO to Smartphone-Based Sensing Network] Y.Fujii, “Smartphone-Based Sensing
Network for Emergency Detection: A Privacy-Preserving Framework for
Trustworthy Digital Governance”, Applied Sciences, Vol.16,
No.2, 1032, 2026. Website:
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/16/2/1032 [Protection of democracy from AGI problem] Y.
Fujii, “Lessons from the Roman Empire: ‘Bread and Circuses’ as a Model for
Democracy in the AGI Age", AI & Society, Vol.41,
pp.467-468, 2026. |
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